學習的原則與精神 桑東仁波切 Samdhong Rinpoche

在我們的學習過程中，我們要分析多少我們真正所知道的主體，又有多少我們只是接受了我們不知道的事情，但我們只是接受。
 
了解和接受是兩回事。知道是指我個人做了實驗或實證分析，我找到結果之後我才知道。
但是，在我們的教育過程中，有百分之八十的事物我們僅僅依賴於老師、書上，被其他人或是某人曾做過實驗，發現一個結論，把它寫入書中。之後老師就在課堂上教授，而你，就只是“是，是，我明白。”
 
我可以舉一個例子，去年我去了一個“人的博物館”。人的博物館館長為我導覽與解說。就在大門入口處，有一張照片是猴子的照片慢慢地站起來，慢慢地演變成人體。而館長他也給我講解。然後我開玩笑，不完全是開玩笑，有一些的嚴肅，我問他他是怎麼知道這一點。
他說：這是達爾文所寫的理論，這所有的大家都知道的。
接著我說：你做完這所有一切的研究？
他說：哦，不，它已經被某某人做了，現在它被大家所接受，這些事是普遍的每個人都知道的。
 
然後，我就提出了一個簡單的問題，那為什麼現在的猴子沒有進化到人類？他們有什麼樣的缺點或是他們犯了罪？這些古代猴子的後代和第一代的猴子變成了人類，那還有剩下一些仍然存在沒有辦法進化的猴子呢？
那你如何說明是哪一種潛在的因素或基因或感官可以演變成人類而哪些不行。
然後，他很困惑的說：我從來沒有想到這一點。
我說：如果你從來沒有想到這一點，這意味著你只是接受了達爾文曾教授的。
他說：是的。
所以，我們無法親自去知道許多科學的真實和真理。
 
我不是說科學的發現是假的，科學的研究結果有可能是真實的，但還是仍然有為進一步尋找而留下更廣闊的空間。大多數這些的科學發現是以大致估計、模擬，那麼更多的科學被發現時，這所有的原則是可以被修正，這才是現代科學方法的現實。
 
但這也意味著，靠自己知道的人，在我們的學習過程中是一個非常小的比例，接受他人的研究結果的人比較多。這也就進一步說明了，當一個信徒，一些傳統或宗教的信徒，在這一部分能真正去了解的變的更少，而接受的變得更多了。
例如，佛教的人，他們大多數都不知道的佛教原則，他們接受是因為佛陀是這麼說的，因為一個和尚說的，因為大師這麼說的。
 
儘管，佛陀曾多次告訴他的弟子：不要因為我所說，你要自己去找答案，不要因為尊敬我而接受去做任何的事。佛陀還說除非直到你自己找到答案，再去決定它是否有用。
 
佛陀講了很多事情，但如果按我自己的實驗，我自己分析的搜索還是不能理解時，那就去了解認識佛陀，他能帶領我，他只能告訴我，怎麼做實驗，如何分析，如何搜索，如何提問，如何研究進入實相。但是，我們必須靠我們自己。

In our learning process, we have to analyse how much [of] the subjects we really know, and how much [of] the things we just accept, we do not know, but we just accept.
 
Knowing and accepting are two different things. Knowing means I personally do the experiment, or the analyzation, and I find the result, then I know.
But in our education process, 80% of things [we know] we just rely on the teacher, on the book, by other people [who] have done the experiment and find a conclusion, and is written in the book, and the teacher teaches in the classroom, and you, just, ‘yes, yes, I understand’.
 
I can give an example, last year I was taken to a museum of man, and the museum of man, the curator was guiding me to explain things.And just in the entrance door, there was a picture of the monkey slowly getting up and slowly evolving into the human body, and he was [explaining it to me]. Then I jokingly, not completely jokingly, with some seriousness, I asked him how [he] knows it.
He said it is written in Darwin’s theory, everybody knows it, and everything, and I said you have done all of this research, and he said oh no, it is already done by so and so and now it is accepted by all, universally, and everybody knows that this had happened.
 
Then I just put a simple question, why [are] present monkeys not evolved to human beings, what is their disadvantage or their crime, these are the descendants of the ancient monkeys and one version of monkeys becomes human beings like us and there are still some monkeys [that] remain unevolved?
 
So how can you tell which kind of potential or gene or sense can be evolved into human and which [does not].
 
Then he was confused and said I have never thought of it.
If you have never thought of it that means that you just accepted what Darwin had taught to you, and he [said] yes. So, we personally do not know many scientific realities and truths.

​I do not say that scientific findings are false, the scientific findings might be true, or still [there is] more room for further search, most of these scientific findings are approximate, then more scientific findings come, and all the principles can be revised. This is the reality of the modern scientific way.
 
So that means knowing by oneself in our learning process is a very small percentage, and acceptance of the findings of others are much more.And it is further [expressed] when someone is a believer, believer of some tradition or religion, then the portion of knowing becomes much less, and acceptance becomes much more.
For example, Buddhist people, they do not know most of the Buddhist principles, and they except it because Buddha had told [it], because a monk had said it, because a guru had said it.
 
In spite of the fact that Buddha had repeatedly told his disciples don’t rely on me, you find it for yourself, and you do not accept anything do to the reverence to Buddha, and Buddha had said it.Unless and until you find it for yourself, it is no use [to] you.
 
Buddha had told many things,but if I do not understand it by my own experiment, by my own analytical search, then knowing by Buddha, he can only lead me, he can only tell me how to experiment, how to analyse, how to search, how to inquire, how to research into these realities. But we have to search [on] our own.
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